Zubaida Canal - 8261

Zubaydah bint Jaafar al-Mansour, wife of Caliph Harun al-Rashid and his cousin, and the mother of his son Amin, characterized by intelligence, and wisdom, have a tall stature, known generosity and nobility and eloquence and love to serve people, especially the poor, Zubaydah was born in 145 AH, said Its age is a religion and an original beauty and well-known). She was a generous and well-preserved woman, who appreciated the scholars and showed them, as she was sympathetic to the poor and the needy.He focused more on urbanism, building houses and mosques, water pools and water wells along the pilgrimage route from Baghdad to Mecca and making it for public benefit

Ain Zubaida is a spring of abundant water and one of the masterpieces of Muslim endowments. Princess Zubaydah bint Abi al-Fadl Jaafar bin Abi Jaafar al-Mansur al-Abbasid al-Hashemi, wife of Harun al-Rashid and her title Zubaydah, is affiliated with the General Authority of Endowments in Saudi Arabia Some or many people believe that Ain Zubaydah extends from Iraq to Makkah Al-Mukarramah, and many insist on that, but the truth is that the origin of this eye is from Wadi Numan, east of Makkah, to the left of the direction from Makkah Al-Mukarramah to Taif. Every visitor to Makkah who is ascending to Taif or descending from it must see on the slopes of the mountains the remnants of the legendary “Zubaydah” canal that Mrs. Zubaydah implemented after her pilgrimage in 186 AH, as Zubaydah realized during her Hajj the extent of the difficulties faced by the pilgrims on their way to Makkah from a shortage Water, and the fatigue and exhaustion they suffered as a result of their pregnancy due to the proximity of the water, and many of them were dying as a result of that. Because of this, Zubaida decided and ordered the digging of water channels connected to the rainfall, so she bought all the lands in the valley, nullified the farms and palms, and ordered that the water be divided into a channel in the mountains. During the canal's passage through the mountains, it made openings for subsidiary channels that it erected in the places expected to meet the flood waters; In order for these waters to be tributaries that increase the volume of water drained to Makkah Al-Mukarramah through the main canal, and from these sub-channels that have allocated them to the additional flowing water on the road are: “Ain Mashash,” “Ein Maimoun,” “Ain Al-Zafaran,” “Ayn Al-Baroud,” and “Ain. Al-Tariqi, “Ain Quba” and “Al-Jarniyat”; All the water of these sub-channels drains into the main channel, and some of it increases annually, and some decreases according to the rains located on its sides from Wadi Numan to Arafa. Moreover, Mrs. Zubaydah ordered the dragging of “Ain Wadi Numan to Arafah,” which is water that originates from the tail of Jabal Karra in the land of Taif as well, and she ordered that this water be drawn in a canal to a place called “auger” in Wadi Numan, and therein it, to the land of Arafa, then she ordered That the canal be run on the Mount of Mercy, the place of the honorable position, and to make it branches to the ponds in the land of Arafah for pilgrims to drink from on the day of Arafah, and special places were prepared for that in the form of beautiful stone taps; In order for pilgrims to drink from it easily and easily, streams were built in these winding canals at Jabal Al-Rahma to collect ablution water and drain it to neighboring farms that were previously present. Then I ordered that the canal extend from the land of Arafah to the back of the mountain, to an area that the people of Mecca call, “Al-Azamth” (and the channels penetrate with beads, or what are now called manholes, some of which are visible on the surface of the earth, and are called the visible beads, and others are buried. The surface of the land, and it is worth noting that the canal passes through the course of one of the torrents, so a dam was built to seize these torrents and control their flow to water the farms below it, and parts of this dam still remain so far and can be seen), and then it reaches Muzdalifah to A mountain behind "Mina", then poured into a great well paved with very large stones called "Zubeida well". Then this stream extends to Makkah Al-Mukarramah through the Al-Aziziyah region, then to the Shisha area, then passes the temple, and these channels continue heading towards Mecca, but they return to take their path buried in depths close to the surface of the earth, until they pour into a great well folded with very large stones called Also, “Bir Zubaida”, in an area called today the prison of Jinn, to which the extension of this great canal ends (Ain Zubaida Canal Zubaida has spent a lot of her money and jewelry to provide pilgrims with fresh water and comfort and protect them from the disaster of death. And after it had ordered the treasurer of its money to assign the most skilled engineers and workers to create this eye; Her treasurer confided in her the greatness of the costs that this project would cost her, and she said to him: “Work even if the ax hit you a dinar.” The length of this eye was approximately ten miles, or the equivalent of sixteen kilometers. It was said that the total amount spent by Mrs. Zubaida on this project was 1,700,000 shekels of gold. That is equivalent to 5,950 kilograms. When her work was completed, her workers gathered and took out their books to account for what they spent, and to clear their liabilities from the trust of the treasuries they received. Zubaida in a palace overlooking the Tigris, so she took the notebooks and threw them in the river, saying: “We left the reckoning for the Day of Judgment. Whoever has some money left is his, and whoever has something left with us we will give it. " Source Wikipedia

Ain Zubaydah, one of the oldest monuments in Saudi Arabia, was built during the era of the caliphate of Harun al-Rashid. What she did, she said: No, what is the evil eye? It was only two rak’ahs in the dead of the night, and I used to keep it

Ain Zubaydah is a great historical Islamic endowment It was established more than 1260 years ago during the reign of Harun al-Rashid and was named Ain Zubaydah, after the owner of the project, Zubaydah bint Abu Jaafar al-Mansur, to water the pilgrims and the people of Mecca by transporting water from the mountains of Taif to the holy sites and Mecca..

The residents of Makkah Al-Mukarramah, pilgrims, visitors and pilgrims in the past depended on wells to provide their water needs. The pilgrims carried water to Arafat from distant places, and the poor on the day of Arafat did not ask for anything but water, because of its lack and dignity. Princess Zubaydah bint Jaafar al-Mansur, the wife of Caliph Harun al-Rashid, who was born in 145 AH, was known for her intelligence, wisdom, generosity, nobility, eloquence, and her love to serve people, especially the poor. She focused most of her attention on urbanization, so she built houses, mosques, water pools and wells along the pilgrimage route from Baghdad to Makkah Al-Mukarramah, and made it for the public benefit (pilgrims and passers-by). Where Zubaydah ordered the digging of water channels connected to the raindrops, and she bought all the lands in the valley, destroyed farms and palms, and ordered that a channel be built for water in the mountains. The science of engineering has developed and advanced, especially in the ability of workers at the time to draw water over that long distance and through mountainous heights and depressions, valleys and deserts. Al-Mukarramah passed through the holy sites of Mina, Arafat and Muzdalifah, and the traces of water channels and beads still exist to this day in the foothills of the mountains, as if they had been done yesterday despite the passage of hundreds of years on them. Where, during its implementation, it was taken into account to place openings for sub-channels that it built in the places where the torrential waters are expected to meet; In order for this water to be tributaries that increase the amount of water transported to Makkah Al-Mukarramah through the main channel, and from these sub-channels that it has allocated for the additional waters of Al-Sailiya on the road: Ain “Mashash”, Ain “Maymoon”, Ain “Al-Zaafaran”, Ain “Al-Broud” and “Ain “Al-Tariqi” and Ain Tubbeh and Ain Al-Jarniyat; All the water of these secondary canals flows into the main channel, some of which increases annually, and some of it decreases according to the rains that fall on its sides from Wadi Numan to Arafat. The project is considered one of the most important historical places in the Kingdom, whose ruins still exist for hundreds of years to this day, immortalizing with it the history of this great woman whose goal was to water pilgrims. Ain Zubaydah in the Saudi era: Proceeding from the importance of endowments and their preservation, during the reign of the founder King Abdul Aziz - may his soul rest in peace - a special department was established to manage the eye called (Ain Zubaydah) to fully supervise and restore the wells and wells, and Sheikh Abdullah Al-Dahlawi, by order of King Abdulaziz Building in Ain Zubaydah for several years. As interest in Ain Zubaydah increased, two supreme orders were issued through which the lands located on both sides of the asphalt road were granted to Ain Zubaydah to the Endowment of Al Ain. On it, and the registration of government-owned government-owned lands in the name of Ain Zubaydah and Al-Ain Al-Aziziyah in Makkah Al-Mukarramah, as the condition of the waqifah, may God have mercy on her, is the watering of Makkah Al-Mukarramah. Research and studies are still ongoing to advance Ain Zubaydah. The competencies of Ain Zubaydah were transferred to the General Authority for Endowments under Cabinet Resolution No. 319, dated 9/13/1431 AH. This spring lasted for more than 1200 years until recently, until it was replaced by sea water resulting from the huge desalination plants, due to the scarcity of water in it and the disappearance of most of its canals due to the urban development in Makkah Al-Mukarramah. The General Authority for Endowments is currently working in coordination with the relevant authorities to preserve Ain Zubaydah and its remaining monuments, as well as to preserve the remaining people there. There is coordination with King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah to prepare a comprehensive study on Ain Zubaydah.